Dr Mina Bakhterari Haftlangi

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🧠Roger Sperry and the Strange Reality of Having More Than One Mind

Most people move through life with a quiet assumption that they feel self-evident: there is a…
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🧠Donald Hebb and the Architecture of Change: How Experience Becomes the Brain

Most psychological theories attempt to explain why people think, feel, and behave as they do.…
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🧠Julian Rotter and the Invisible Beliefs That Shape a Life

“Why do some people keep trying after repeated failures, while others give up long before their…
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🧠Albert Bandura: Why His Ideas Still Shape Modern Therapy

In discussions of the fundamental principles of contemporary psychology, the name of Albert Bandura always stands…
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🧠Albert Ellis and the Psychological Cost of Arguing with Reality

Psychological suffering often begins not with pain itself, but with the struggle against the reality that…
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🧠Aaron Beck and the Reality Quietly Create

Most people assume they see the world as it is. A difficult conversation feels painful…
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🧠George Miller and the Psychology of Mental Overload: What Happens When the Mind Carries Too Much

Most psychological theories attempt to explain how people learn, develop, adapt, or form relationships. George…
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🧠Ulric Neisser and the Mind as an Active Constructor of Reality

When people speak about memory, attention, perception, or thinking, they often describe these processes as…
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🧠The Voices We Borrow: What Lev Vygotsky Still Teaches Psychotherapy

A therapist asks a client a simple question: When you make a mistake, what do…
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🧠Jean Piaget and the Reconstruction of the Human Mind in Contemporary Psychotherapy

When therapy is not only about changing emotions, but about changing the way reality itself…
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🧠Rollo May and the Quiet Anxiety Beneath Modern Life

Not every person who comes to therapy is falling apart externally. Some are highly functional;…
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🧠Abraham Maslow and Why Modern Therapy Still Returns to Human Needs

When hearing the name Abraham Maslow, we usually think about the pyramid of needs taught…
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🧠Carl Rogers and the Quiet Parts of Therapy That Still Heal People

Sometimes people enter therapy already knowing what happened to them; they can explain the trauma,…
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🧠Wolfgang Köhler and the Foundations of Insight in Modern Psychotherapy

Before psychotherapy became dominated by diagnostic systems, symptom checklists, and structured behavioural protocols, some psychologists…
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🧠Max Wertheimer and the Foundations of Gestalt Psychology in Modern Psychotherapy

Before psychology became heavily focused on symptoms, diagnoses, and behavioural techniques, Max Wertheimer introduced a…
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🧠Clark Hull and the Hidden Mechanics of Human Motivation in Modern Psychotherapy

Before psychology became deeply focused on cognition, trauma, attachment, or emotional regulation, early behavioural theorists…
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🧠B.F. Skinner, Behavioural Conditioning, and Their Influence on Modern Psychotherapy

B. F. Skinner was one of the most influential psychologists of the twentieth century and…
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🧠John B. Watson and the Foundations of Behavioural Psychology in Modern Clinical Practice

John B. Watson remains one of the most controversial and influential figures in the history…
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🧠Ivan Pavlov and the Foundations of Modern Behavioural Therapy

When people hear the name Ivan Pavlov, they often immediately think about “dogs salivating at…
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🧠Jacques Lacan and the Modern Mind:

Among major psychoanalytic thinkers, Jacques Lacan is often considered one of the most intellectually complex.…
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🧠Donald Winnicott and the Development of the Authentic Self

Donald Winnicott remains one of the most influential figures in contemporary relational psychotherapy, not because…
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🧠Understanding Melanie Klein: Early Relationships, Anxiety, and the Inner World

Melanie Klein was one of the most influential figures in psychoanalytic psychology and one of the…
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🧠Erik Erikson and the Emotional Stages We Continue Carrying Through Life

Erik Erikson believed something that still feels deeply true in clinical work today: people do…
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🧠Karen Horney and the Psychological Search for Safety

Karen Horney is one of the theorists who expanded psychoanalytic thought beyond classical Freudian ideas, and…
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🧠Alfred Adler’s Individual Psychology: A Clinical and Integrative Perspective

Introduction Alfred Adler (1870–1937) developed a holistic, goal-oriented framework for understanding human behaviour and called…
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🧠 Carl Jung’s Analytical Psychology: A Depth-Oriented Model of the Human Psyche

A Different Starting Point While classical psychoanalysis (e.g., Sigmund Freud) conceptualised the mind primarily…
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🧠Founders of scientific psychology

🧠 Wilhelm Wundt (Experimental Introspection) Wilhelm Wundt (1879) is a pioneer of scientific psychology,…
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🧠 Early & Philosophical Pioneers of Psychology

🏛️ Plato: Plato is the first name that is known for his proposed that knowledge…
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🧠Defence Mechanisms are the methods the mind uses to protect itself

Introduction In clinical practice, one of the most consistent observations is that individuals rarely respond…
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🧠Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory

Introduction Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, proposed that unconscious processes largely influence human behaviour. According…
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🧠How to redefine the Cycle of Thoughts, Feelings, and Behaviour

One of the most common patterns observed in therapy is the repetition of the same…
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